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Statistical Methods in Medical Research
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Bayesian methods for design and analysis of cost-effectiveness trials in the evaluation of health care technologies

A O’Hagan

Centre for Bayesian Statistics in Health Economics, University of Sheffield, UK

J W Stevens

AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, UK

We review the development of Bayesian statistical methods for the design and analysis of randomized controlled trials in the assessment of the cost-effectiveness of health care technologies. We place particular emphasis on the benefits of the Bayesian approach; the implications of skew cost data; the need to model the data appropriately to generate efficient and robust inferences instead of relying on distribution-free methods; the importance of making full use of quantitative and structural prior information to produce realistic inferences; and issues in the determination of sample size. Several new examples are presented to illustrate the methods. We conclude with a discussion of the key areas for future research.

Statistical Methods in Medical Research, Vol. 11, No. 6, 469-490 (2002)
DOI: 10.1191/0962280202sm305ra
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